Studies

A new study con­duct­ed by researchers at Duke University found that the racial com­po­si­tion of jury pools has a pro­found effect on the prob­a­bil­i­ty of a black defen­dant being con­vict­ed. According to the study led by Professor Patrick Bayer of Duke, juries formed from all-white jury pools in Florida con­vict­ed black defen­dants 16 per­cent more often than white defen­dants. In cas­es with no black poten­tial jurors in the jury pool, black defen­dants were con­vict­ed 81 per­cent of the…

On April 20, North Carolina Superior Court Judge Gregory Weeks issued an his­toric rul­ing under the state’s Racial Justice Act find­ing inten­tion­al bias by the state in select­ing juries for death penal­ty cas­es. In what may be the first rul­ing of its kind in the coun­try, the court held that ​“race was a mate­ri­al­ly, prac­ti­cal­ly and sta­tis­ti­cal­ly sig­nif­i­cant fac­tor in the deci­sion to exer­cise peremp­to­ry chal­lenges dur­ing jury selec­tion by pros­e­cu­tors” at the time…

A report released on April 18 by the pres­ti­gious National Research Council of the National Academies based on a review of more than three decades of research con­clud­ed that stud­ies claim­ing a deter­rent effect on mur­der rates from the death penal­ty are fun­da­men­tal­ly flawed. The report con­clud­ed: ​“The com­mit­tee con­cludes that research to date on the effect of cap­i­tal pun­ish­ment on homi­cide is not infor­ma­tive about whether cap­i­tal pun­ish­ment decreases,…

April 22 will mark the 25^th anniver­sary of the Supreme Court​’s deci­sion in McCleskey v. Kemp in which the Court reject­ed (5 – 4) a claim of racial bias based on a sophis­ti­cat­ed sta­tis­ti­cal study of the death penal­ty in Georgia. Warren McCleskey, an African-American death row inmate con­vict­ed of killing a white police offi­cer, pre­sent­ed the Court with analy­sis show­ing that defen­dants charged with killing white vic­tims had odds of…

A recent study of the death penal­ty in Nevada com­pared the costs of defend­ing cap­i­tal and non-cap­i­tal mur­der cas­es. The study, con­duct­ed by Dr. Terance Miethe of the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, looked at the time spent by defense attor­neys at var­i­ous stages of a case. The study’s find­ings includ­ed: — Clark County pub­lic defense attor­neys spent an aver­age of 2,298 hours on a cap­i­tal mur­der case com­pared to an aver­age of 1,087 hours…

A new study pub­lished on the Social Science Resource Network by a group of pro­fes­sors at Cornell University found a high inci­dence of racial dis­par­i­ties in the oper­a­tion of Delaware​’s death penal­ty. The study, pub­lished in con­junc­tion with a sym­po­sium hon­or­ing the late David Baldus (pic­tured), exam­ined the state’s death penal­ty since 1972 and found: — Of 49 defen­dants sen­tenced to death since 1972, 53% were black, 39% were white, and 8% were Hispanic or Native American. In…

On March 27, Amnesty International released its annu­al sur­vey on the use of cap­i­tal pun­ish­ment world­wide, titled Death Sentences and Executions 2011. The report illus­trat­ed that the use of the death penal­ty has con­tin­ued to decline around the world. At the end of 2011, there were 140 coun­tries con­sid­ered abo­li­tion­ist in law or prac­tice, while only 20 coun­tries were known to have put pris­on­ers to death in 2011. The United States was the only country…

The lat­est edi­tion of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund​’s Death Row USA shows a decrease of 52 inmates between January 1 and October 1, 2011. Over the last decade, the total pop­u­la­tion of state and fed­er­al death rows has decreased sig­nif­i­cant­ly, from 3,682 inmates in 2000 to 3,199 inmates as of October 2011. California con­tin­ues to have the largest death row pop­u­la­tion (721), fol­lowed by Florida (402), Texas…

A recent study pub­lished by the Jesuit Social Research Institute of Loyola University point­ed to numer­ous prob­lems with Louisiana​’s death penal­ty. In par­tic­u­lar, the study found: — Per capi­ta, Louisiana has one of the high­est wrong­ful-con­vic­tion rates in the coun­try. More peo­ple have been exon­er­at­ed in Louisiana in the last ten years than exe­cut­ed. — Within Louisiana’s most aggres­sive death penal­ty dis­tricts, white vic­tims are disproportionately…