
State & Federal
Tennessee

Timeline
1838 — Tennessee becomes the first state to turn away from the traditional mandatory death sentence, granting juries discretion in sentencing those convicted of murder.
1915 — Tennessee state legislature abolishes the death penalty for murder. The bill is vetoed by the governor, but the ban on executions still goes into effect because of a delayed veto.
1919 — Tennessee reinstates the death penalty.
1965 — Governor Frank Clement commutes the sentences of everyone on Tennessee’s death row after and abolition bill is defeated by just one vote.
1974 — Tennessee reinstates the death penalty following Furman v. Georgia.
1990 — Tennessee becomes one of the first four states to exclude those with intellectual disabilities from the death penalty.
2007 — An executive moratorium on capital punishment is enacted in Tennessee for 90 days while the state examines its lethal injection protocol.
2014 — Governor Bill Haslam signs into law a forced electrocution bill that allows the state to use the electric chair in executions if lethal injection drugs are not available.
2015 — The Tennessee Supreme Court cancels the execution dates for all four death row prisoners and returns their cases to the lower courts to address the inmates’ challenges to Tennessee’s lethal injection protocols.
2016 — Tennessee Legislature unanimously passes a bill that requires the preservation of biological evidence in capital cases.
2018 — The Tennessee Supreme Court denies a request from the state’s attorney general to schedule eight executions before the June 1st expiration date of Tennessee’s supply of one of its execution drugs.
2020 — At least 11 death row prisoners are infected with COVID-19 during outbreaks on the state’s death row.
2021 — The Tennessee legislature votes to advance bills that would create a legal mechanism for death row prisoners to challenge their death sentences on the grounds that they have intellectual disability.
2022 — An independent investigation into Tennessee’s execution practices concludes that the state repeatedly failed to follow its own protocols in performing seven executions and preparing for an eighth between 2018 and 2022.
2023 — Governor Bill Lee announces that Tennessee will not resume executions until the state fixes systemic problems with the administration of its execution protocol.
Famous Capital Cases
Philip Workman
Workman was executed in 2007 for the death of police officer Ronald Oliver, though later ballistics evidence suggested that the bullet that killed Oliver did not match Workman’s gun, and may have come from the gun of another officer on the scene.
Pervis Payne
Payne’s case resulted in the Supreme Court decision Payne v. Tennessee (1991), which allowed victim impact statements to be heard in the sentencing phase of a trial. Payne was removed from death row in 2021 on evidence of his intellectual disability.
Notable Exonerations
Paul Gregory House
Charges against House were dropped in 2009 after he spent 23 years on death row and his case was argued before the U.S. Supreme Court.
Notable Commutations/Clemencies
Gaile Owens
Governor Phil Bredesen commuted her sentence to life in 2010 after she served for over 20 years for hiring someone to kill her husband. Owens was willing to plead guilty for a life sentence at trial, but because her co-defendant would not, the plea bargain was rescinded.
In 1965, Governor Frank Clement commuted the sentences of everyone on Tennessee’s death row after an abolition bill was defeated by one vote.
Milestones in Abolition Efforts
Tennessee had a study committee in 2007 – 2009 that recommended changes to the current structure, but not abolition.
Executive moratorium in 2007 for 90 days while lethal injection protocol was examined.
In 1965, Tennessee’s Senate voted to repeal the death penalty and repeal only lost in the House by one vote.
Tennessee was one of the first four states to exclude those with intellectual disabilities from the death penalty, doing so in 1990.
Tennessee only resumed executing people in 2000. The state went from 1960 – 2000 with no executions.
Tennessee “Firsts”
In 1838, Tennessee became the first state to give juries discretion in sentencing those convicted of murder, turning away from the traditional mandatory death sentence.
During the Progressive era (1890’s‑1920’s), Tennessee was the only former Confederate state to legislatively abolish execution for murder. The 1915 bill was vetoed by the governor, but went into effect because his veto came too late. In 1919, the death penalty was reinstated.
Other Interesting Facts
Tennessee was the last Southern state to resume executions in the modern era.

Resources

Tennessee Execution Totals Since 1976
News & Developments
News
Jul 24, 2025
Tennessee Court Orders Heart Defibrillator Disconnected Ahead of Byron Black’s Scheduled Execution

On July 18, 2025, the Davidson County Chancery Court issued a preliminary injunction requiring the Tennessee Department of Corrections (TDOC) to ensure that Byron Black’s implanted heart device (cardiac implantable electronic device, or CIED) is switched off just ahead of his execution by a cardiac specialist or qualified technician working under such supervision. In June 2025, counsel for Mr. Black filed a motion for a preliminary injunction, explaining that…
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Jul 22, 2025
Texas Pilot Program Allows for Less Restrictive Conditions for Some on Death Row for First Time in Decades
Recent reporting from the Houston Chronicle describes a pilot program begun in February of last year which has allowed a select group of prisoners on Texas’ death row the opportunity to experience loosened confinement conditions. About a dozen individuals on Texas’ death row are being allowed to mingle in a common room, share meals, and spend time outside of their cells without handcuffs or shackles. As the Chronicle reports,“instead of shouting to each…
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Jun 04, 2025
2025 Roundup of Death Penalty Related Legislation
More than one hundred bills have been introduced this year in 34 states and in Congress to expand and limit use of the death penalty, abolish and reinstate the death penalty, modify execution protocols and secret the information about them, and alter aspects of capital trials. Thus far, nine bills in five states have been enacted, with Florida enacting the most legislation. Of the bills that have been signed into law, three modify execution protocols; two expand…
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May 27, 2025
Tennessee Governor Allows State’s First Execution in Five Years to Proceed Despite Concerns Over Lethal Injection Drug
On May 22, 2025, Tennessee executed Oscar Smith by lethal injection, marking the state’s first execution in five years despite a pending lawsuit challenging the state’s new lethal injection protocol that relies on one drug — pentobarbital. Other death row prisoners and attorneys for Mr. Smith had urged Governor Bill Lee to grant a reprieve, citing an upcoming January 2026 trial that will determine the constitutionality of the new execution protocol. They…
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May 14, 2025
Murder Victims’ Family Members Ask Tennessee Governor Lee to Halt Scheduled Executions
On May 8, 2025, a group of family members who have lost loved ones to violence in Tennessee delivered a letter to Governor Bill Lee’s office requesting that he halt the state’s upcoming scheduled executions. In their letter, the group of 51“victims, survivors, and family members of those impacted by violent crime” argue the death penalty does not act as a healing tool for victims and takes away from state-funded resources that could help with their healing. For these…
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